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AbstractThe current research analyses people's trust in the military during military crisis. Also, this research explores whether the three demographic factors that were known to influence people's perceptions of the military (i.e. military identity, gender and political affiliation) played roles in military crisis. The results indicated that, compared to pre‐crisis situation, both civilian and military publics showed lower scores on their trust in the military after a military crisis than before. Also, the three factors were identified as the indicators of military crisis responsibility. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

Cover -- Half-Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction -- 1. From Altruism to Sociobiology: Historical and Epistemological Summary -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. The "social Darwinism" of the 19th Century -- 1.3. Reconquest of the quest: 20th Century social neo-Darwinism -- 1.4. Expansion, disintegration signs and recent defections -- 1.5. Missing or extra squares on the chessboard -- 1.5.1. Wilson's initial epistemological traffic: sociobiology and behavioral ecology -- 1.5.2. Communicating evasiveness: behavior, altruism, society, culture -- 1.5.3. Cut-short dispute and perverted controversy -- 1.6. Temporary theory and permanent fantasy: will sociobiology soon be superseded? -- 2. The Illusory Endorsement of Insects: Omissions and Arbitrary Choices -- 2.1. Entomologic stronghold and the place of social insects -- 2.1.1. Natural advantages of social entomology -- 2.1.2. A rival society, accessible to experimentation -- 2.1.3. The extent of "societies" in insects -- 2.2. Organicism, superorganism and monospecific society -- 2.3. The beacon built by Wilson -- 2.3.1. Classification and social ranks -- 2.3.2. The enumeration of social births -- 2.4. Missing questions -- 2.5. Stigmergy versus haplodiploidy: a "choice of society"? -- 2.5.1. Stigmergy: from problematic to theory -- 2.5.2. Socioecological stigmergy versus sociobiological haplodiploidy -- 2.6. Subsequently emerged information -- 2.6.1. Thrips -- 2.6.2. Aphids -- 2.6.3. Termites, again -- 2.7. Polyethism, polyphenism and monomania -- 3. Gray Langur Society and Chimpanzee Culture -- 3.1. Gray langur society shrunk to infanticide -- 3.1.1. Practical and theoretical parameters of the "case" -- 3.1.2. Strategic obsession and fact selection -- 3.1.3. From scorned comparison to repressed anthropology -- 3.2. Culture and chimpanzees

From Altruism to Sociobiology: Historical and Epistemological Summary -- The Illusory Endorsement of Insects: Omissions and Arbitrary Choices -- Gray Langur Society and Chimpanzee Culture -- On the Specificity of Human Sociality -- The Sociobiological Force of Inertia and Socioecology Challenges: Conclusion

AbstractThis study develops a crisis self‐efficacy index to provide a tool for crisis communication researchers and practitioners to understand behavioural aspects of crisis response better. Evaluations of public's crisis self‐efficacy using this index inform strategic message development to protect the public and minimize crisis damages by identifying the public/s most in need of self‐efficacy enhancing interventions. The index also provides practitioners a useful longitudinal index to evaluate progress in crisis preparedness programs and track changes in efficacy. A four‐stage survey index development process using structural equation modelling identifies four underlying constructs of crisis self‐efficacy: action, preventive, achievement and uncertainty management.

Media channel use during crisis is an underdeveloped area of crisis communication research. A thorough understanding of how and where people seek information during a crisis is central to effective crisis message strategy, and understanding how the media source of crisis information affects motivation to comply with crisis directives to audiences can further inform crisis management. A survey (N = 454) examines how audiences use media during crisis communication and reveals that (1) people use different media for information seeking during different types of crisis, (2) among demographics, age predicts preferences in information channels during crisis and (3) crisis type and age shape the relationship between media choice and intent to follow recommended behaviours. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

Conditional Conjecture: the Relationship Between Ecology, Evolution and History / Georges Guille-Escuret -- Mode of Reproduction and Prohibition of Incest / Sejin Park -- Open and Closed Systems: Rebuilding the Social Organization of Prehistoric Societies / Laurent Dousset -- Conclusion: For a Socio-ecology of Kinship.

This study investigates message strategies used in U.S. military commercials using Taylor's six-segment strategy wheel. A content analysis of 125 military television commercials reveals that (1) majority of military commercials employed transformational strategy rather than informational strategy; (2) military commercials only used high involvement message strategies (i.e., ration, ego, and social) and no acute need, routine, and sensory commercials were observed; and (3) message strategies in military advertising varied across the number of wars and recruiting targets. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

How a government responds to, manages, and communicates about crisis has direct implications for public well‐being and ultimately shapes public opinion about local governments and government officials. Yet, little is known about crisis preparation, especially that of local governments. Local governments are involved in managing any crisis situation that affects their communities, regardless of the responsible organization or nature of the crisis. This study surveys local government officials (N = 307) in 44 states across the United States who manage crisis communication to reveal unique considerations of planning, magnitude and citizen satisfaction on crisis management. Novel findings are revealed with respect to each variable to direct future crisis research, particularly that informing the precrisis stage.